Purpose: To define school nurseeparent partnerships in school health care for children with type 1
diabetes (T1D) and determine its attributes using a hybrid model.
Methods: This method involves a three-phase process: theoretical, fieldwork, and analytical. A literature
review was conducted during the theoretical phase. A literature search of articles from January 1991 to
February 2020 was conducted using relevant electronic databases. Eighty-three articles that met the
inclusion criteria were completely read. Fieldwork data were collected through individual interviews
from February to July 2019 in South Korea. In the fieldwork phase, interviews were conducted individually
with 22 mothers of students with T1D and 20 school nurses recruited by purposeful sampling.
Inductive content analysis was conducted. The findings from the theoretical phase were integrated with
those from the fieldwork phase, and the final concept was derived.
Results: School nurseeparent partnership in school health care for children with T1D has been defined as
an interactive process of maintaining a balanced responsibility and providing tailored care to meet needs
by establishing trusting relationships and communicating transparently and openly. This analysis yielded
four attributes: trusting relationships, transparent and open communication, balanced responsibility, and
providing tailored care to meet needsdthis entails providing nursing actions by advocating for students
and performing a negotiated role together or individually for student and family.
Conclusion: The findings of this study add to the importance of an attribute of balancing responsibility
for partnership in school health care. The results show that this partnership could contribute to the
development of a scale, theory, and nursing intervention in school health care for children with T1D.